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天津独乐寺英文导游词

2021-11

TempleofSolitaryJoyislocatedatinsidewestcitygateofJiCounty,TianjinCity.ItisknownforitsrefinedarchitectureskillinChannel'sancientbuildingsandhasgotthereputationofSixBest.Theseare:TheearliestDingshanGate(GateofWithstandingHill)ofthegroundhallpreservednow;TheearliestChiweiobjectontheHillGatepreservednow;Theearliestplanedistributionwhichtookpavilionasthecenteronthearchitectureplane;ThebiggestclaysculpturedstatueofAvalokiteavarainsideapavilioninChina;TheAvalokiteavaraisalsothemostancienthighstoreyedone;ThemorepreciousfactisthattheTempleofSolitaryJoyhasstoodunscathedafterthousandyearsofrain,snow,windandfrostand28bigattacks,hencethemostdurableancientMonasteryofthousandyears.

EnteringtheTemple,thefirstestosightis10mhighgate,onthearchofwhichtherehangsahorizontalinscribedboard:TempleofSolitaryJoy.ThesingleeavesgroundhallroofwastheroofbuildingformduringthewesternTsin(AD265-316)andSouthernandNorthernDyansty(420-589)period,whichwascalledSiadadinginancienttimeandnowitiscalledbigroof.Onthetwoendsoftheplaneridge,thereareinwardChiweis.Chidenotedsparrowhawkinancienttime,whichisakindoffiercebird.Thestandbaseofthegateisparativelylow,butthehallpinnacleismuchhigheraboveeavesandthepotteryanimalfigureslooksturdy;solemnandsturdy.Thereisnoceilinginsidethepinnacle,thereforthepaintedbeamandpurlieusarevisible.Thewholepieceisexquisitelywrought,simplearrangedandskillfullydone,forwhichpeoplegaspinadministration.

Crossingthegate,oneestothecorebuilding-AvalokitesvaraPavilion,23minheight.Formoutsideappearance,itistwostoreyed,butinsidethereisahiddenstorey,thusthreestoreyedinfact.Ontheeavescorners,potteryunicornsaresculptured,onwhichlittleBuddhastatuesride.Copperbellsarehungundereavescorners,swayingwiththewind,aspeciallyrefinedscene.ThemostattractivethingisthestructureofDougong(setsofbracketsontopofthecolumnssupportingthebeamswithinandroofeaveswithout——eachsetconsistingoftiersofoutstretchingarmscalledGong,cushionedwithtrapezoidalblockscalledDou).ItismadeofoverlappingDougongshapedwoodblocksandbowshapedhorizontalwoodbarsbyadopting24formswitheachlayerstretchingoutasbracket,biginupperpartandsmallinlowerpart,thinlyscattered,steadyandsturdy.Itmakeseavesofthepavilionlooklikeflying,faranddeepinthesky,abeautifulandmagnificentview.

EnteringtheAvalokitesvaraPavilion,theverysightisahugestandingAvalokitesvaraStatue.Ifonestandsbyit,hisheightisonlyuptoherankle.TheStatue,16.27minheight,isthebiggestclaysculptureofAvalokitesvarainChina.TwostatuesofattendantBodhisattvasunderthekneeofAvalokitesvaraarealso3minheight.OnthecrownoftheheadofAvalokitesvara,thereare10smallAvalokitesvare'sheads,henceitiscalled11facesAvalokitesvara.Reviewingaroundtheinnerpartofthepavilion,onecandiscoverthatpillarsofhighandlowstoreysarenotdirectlylinkedthrough,butthepillarsoftheupperstoreyareinsertedintothearchheadofthatoflowerstorey.Theupperstoreyofthepavilionisinaformofsixcornersemptywell,whilethelowerstoreyisinaformofsquareemptywell.Thiskindofstructureisnotonlybeautifulandstrong,butalsoaddsthespaceoftheupperpartofBudhastatues.Onthefourwallsinsidethepavilion,colorfulmuralsarepainted,thethemeofwhichistheimagesof16Arhatsand2MingDynastyEmperors,whicharetheearliestsubjectsofBuddhism.Onhemurals,2mhighArhatswith3headsand4armsareextremelylifelikeandMingEmperorsonthefourwallsarefullofpowerandgrandeur.Ontheupperpartofthemurals,therearemountains,forest,cloudandriver,whileonthelowerpart,therearepaintingsofsecularthemeswithvividandnaturallines,whichembodythesuperbtheskillandartsofpaintingofancientBuddhisminChina.